Gradients, Species Richness and Communities in Eastern Finnish Sloping Fens

In Scandinavia, three gradients (poor–rich, water table, margin–expanse) are considered in vegetation classification of mires. We re-analysed the data Paavo Havas from 1961 on sloping fens eastern Finland using NMDS ordination analysis, which also revealed a three-dimensional structure classic gradients, with poor–rich gradient associated pH. Water table level, and unstable–stable regime were importance. Our analysis confirmed interpretation by but further stressed role as main direction variation fens. Species richness increased pH, mire expanse to margin vegetation, decreased towards too wet or seasonally dry conditions. Eastern Finnish sloping-fen plant communities resemble those elsewhere montane-subalpine-alpine central southeastern Europe.